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CNAE-2025: New classification of economic activities and business obligations
On January 16, 2025, Royal Decree 10/2025 took effect, introducing the new National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE-2025). This update replaces CNAE-2009 and reflects recent economic and technological changes, including globalization, digital transformation, and sustainability. CNAE-2025 aligns activity classifications [...]
2025: The Year of the “Solidarity Contribution”
As of 2025, the so-called "Solidarity Contribution" is now in effect—a new tax designed to strengthen the pension system. As we explained in our September 2024 post, “Solidarity Contribution: What it is and who it affects”, this measure applies [...]
Retirement reforms: new options for partial, active, and delayed retirement
With the approval of Royal Decree-Law 11/2024, Spain has introduced significant changes to its retirement system. These reforms, set to take effect on April 1, 2025, aim to provide greater flexibility in retirement options and encourage workers to stay [...]


